Varanasi — The Eternal City
Varanasi, also known as Kashi or Banaras, is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. Situated on the banks of the Ganga, it is the spiritual heart of Hinduism and a destination that moves every visitor — regardless of their faith or background. At the centre of Varanasi's identity are its famous ghats — the stone-stepped riverbanks where life, death, prayer, and celebration all coexist.
What Are the Ghats of Varanasi?
Ghats are stepped embankments leading down to the river. Varanasi has around 88 ghats stretching along a crescent-shaped bend of the Ganga, each with its own history, mythology, and purpose. Some are used for bathing and prayer, others for cremation, and some as starting points for boat rides.
Must-Visit Ghats in Varanasi
1. Dashashwamedh Ghat
This is the main ghat of Varanasi and one of the most sacred. Every evening, a grand Ganga Aarti is performed here by priests — a choreographed ceremony of fire, incense, chanting, and flowers. The aarti draws thousands every evening and is the single most powerful visual experience in Varanasi. Arrive 45 minutes early to find a spot, or book a boat on the river for a wonderful view.
2. Manikarnika Ghat
The most sacred cremation ghat in Hinduism, Manikarnika burns around the clock. It is believed that dying in Varanasi and being cremated here grants moksha (liberation from the cycle of rebirth). Photography is strictly prohibited out of respect — observe in silence. This is a deeply humbling and thought-provoking place.
3. Assi Ghat
Located at the southern end of the ghat strip where the Assi river meets the Ganga, this ghat is popular with locals, students, and travellers alike. It has a more relaxed atmosphere. A smaller morning aarti takes place here daily and is less crowded than Dashashwamedh — a wonderful, intimate experience.
4. Scindia Ghat
Famous for a partially submerged Shiva temple that slowly sank into the riverbank. The leaning temple is a remarkable sight and a favourite of photographers. The ghat itself is quieter and scenic.
5. Panchganga Ghat
A historically significant ghat where five rivers are believed to meet. The towering Alamgir Mosque stands above it, built by Aurangzeb on the ruins of an older temple. The view from the river of this ghat is particularly dramatic.
Taking a Boat Ride on the Ganga
A sunrise boat ride is one of the most recommended experiences in Varanasi. As the mist rises from the river and the ghats slowly come alive, rowing along the waterfront offers a perspective impossible to replicate on foot. Boats can be hired from most ghats — negotiate the price beforehand and ensure you agree on a fixed rate for the duration.
Beyond the Ghats: Other Attractions
- Kashi Vishwanath Temple: One of the 12 Jyotirlingas, this temple dedicated to Lord Shiva is the most important in Varanasi. The newly expanded Kashi Vishwanath Corridor makes it more accessible.
- Sarnath: Just 10 km from Varanasi, this is where the Buddha gave his first sermon. A peaceful and historically profound site with a museum and ancient stupas.
- Vishwanath Lane (Thatheri Bazar): Famous for its brass and copper utensils, silks, and banaras sarees — excellent for authentic shopping.
Practical Tips for Visiting Varanasi
- The old city lanes are narrow — leave your vehicle at a designated parking area and explore on foot or by cycle-rickshaw.
- The best time to visit is October to March.
- Be mindful at cremation ghats — observe quietly, do not photograph, and donate to the Dom community if you wish.
- Try the local lassi, kachori sabzi, and banarasi paan — culinary institutions of the city.
- Book accommodation well in advance during Dev Deepawali (Kartik Purnima) — the city is at its most magical then.